ʻO ka hoʻomaopopoʻana i nā mea hana kila: ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana i nā lālā o ka ukana a me ke kūpaʻa

ʻO ka holoʻokoʻa, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea hana kila i ʻehā mau ʻāpana nui e ka hoʻokumu ʻana: nā lālā lawe ukana mua, nā lālā paʻa a me nā lālā paʻa, nā ʻāpana lua a me nā mea i hoʻopili ʻia, a me nā pilina a me nā mea hana. Hoʻopili nui kēia kau i nā ʻāpana mua ʻelua.

ʻO nā lālā hāpai haʻahaʻa mua, ʻo ia nā kolamu kila, nā kaola kila, nā ʻōpala, nā pale, nā ʻupena o ka hale, nā pahu pahu, nā ʻauʻau kaʻa, nā ʻauʻau paʻa, nā kolamu pale makani, nā kaola, nā kolamu kiʻi, nā kaola lua, nā kaola nui, nā kaola nakinaki a me nā kaola kumu. ʻO ka truss hou kahi o nā chords luna, nā mele lalo a me nā lālā pūnaewele. E like me ka iwi kikoo o kaʻōnaehana hana kila, nā lālā lawe ukana mua i nā ukana nui o ka hale a hoʻoili iā lākou i ke kumu. ʻO kā lākou kūlana hana a me ka pololei o ke kūkulu ʻana e hoʻoholo pololei i ka palekana a me ke kūpaʻa o ka hale holoʻokoʻa.

ʻO nā lālā hoʻopaʻa a me ka paʻa ʻo ia nā pale kolamu, nā pale hoʻopaʻa o ka hale, nā pale kūpaʻa o ka hale, nā pale ākea longitudinal, nā pale ākea transverse, nā pale eave, nā lāʻau kaula paʻa, nā lāʻau nakinaki hikiwawe, nā kaula purlin a me nā struts. ʻAʻole lawe pololei nā lālā paʻa a me nā haʻahaʻa kūpaʻa nui, akā hana lākou e hōʻoia i ka paʻa holoʻokoʻa o ka hale, hoʻoneʻe i nā haʻahaʻa ākea, hoʻemi i ka lōʻihi kūpono o nā lālā hoʻolālā a pale i ka paʻa ʻole.

Hoʻolauna kēia kau i nā lālā lawe ukana mua a me nā lālā bracing & stability. E hoʻomau ka wehewehe ʻana o ke kau aʻe i nā kikoʻī piha o nā ʻāpana lua a me nā mea i hoʻopili ʻia (me nā purlins, nā pā paia, nā papa kiaʻi, nā paepae alapiʻi, nā alapiʻi, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) a me nā mea pili a me nā mea hana (me nā papa gusset, stiffeners, bolts, shear studs, embedded parts, etc.). E noho mālie.